The art of Romanticism is one of the most powerful artistic movements among classical styles. It has an indomitable energy. The art of romanticism is an eternal teenager who rebels and fights for happiness. That is why the poems of romantics are in tune with the mood and life of young people. At the same time, romanticism expressed the deep pain of the era.The origins of Romanticism In the eighteenth century, enlightenment philosophers one after another created theories of the ideal state. Although, in fact, they were creating a theory of the modern democratic system, but their dreams looked much more beautiful than what happened in the end.Inspired by the utopias of the Enlighteners, the leaders of the Great French bourgeois Revolution set a course for the creation of a free world state of equal people. It seemed that nothing would stop Napoleon Bonaparte in carrying out his plans, but after the defeat in the war with Russia and the defeat at Waterloo, all dreams were destroyed.The collapse of the revolution gave rise to a wave of reaction, to which artists and poets reacted with longing and disappointment. A hero has appeared in art, expressing unfulfilled hopes. This romantic hero is obsessed with some kind of conflict, he struggles with an unfairly arranged society, being more worthy and even brilliant. The hero is always lonely, but strong in spirit. The opposition of a strong, valuable and free personality to society is one of the main features of Romanticism in all types of art. And, like society during the revolution, the hero is doomed to defeat.At the end of the 18th century, a "reasonable" classicism style prevailed in Europe, where everything, figuratively speaking, was "laid out on shelves" up to the styles of speech in fiction. Young playwrights, artists and writers accused classicism of insensitivity and proclaimed the primacy of feeling over reason.Romanticism in literaturethe times of Romanticism gave rise to a galaxy of great poets and writers whose works are in many ways similar. The "selfish" poetry of Byron appeared in England, one of the most significant works of which was "The Pilgrimage of Childe Harold". Childe Harold is a lifeless, bored and cold character. Evgeny Onegin and Pechorin, the offspring of Russian Romanticism, look like him.In Russia, romanticism was divided into 2 waves. In the first wave, Zhukovsky and early Pushkin played the main role. During the second wave, Lermontov's talent manifested itself. However, in Russia, already in the time of Pushkin, romanticism was quickly replaced by critical realism. In England, even at the end of the 19th century, late romantics, such as Ruskin, continue to create.Hudson School in other countries, romanticism also gives birth to great artists. In Slovenia, this is the national poet Franz Preshern, whose pen contains unusually subtle poems about love and about life, such as "the wreath of sonnets". This is, in fact, a cycle of small poems, each of which is compositionally connected with the others. The poet's vivid language required no less elegant forms of expression, and the poet turned to the Persian genre of small poems called "gazelle". In Poland, Mickiewicz composed his "Crimean" poems. In his poems, nature is presented in all its beauty and power - with rocks, waterfalls, clouds and the beauty of moonlit nights, that is, with all the entourage of romanticism.Martin Hedromanticism in Painting The historical tradition of Romanticism generates images similar to the literature of that era. Since Romanticism, unlike the classicism that preceded it, focuses on strong feelings, not reason, in the painting of romantics, one cannot do without majestic landscapes and vivid effects.In France, romanticism is represented in the form of painting of the Barbizon school. In their paintings, you can see both disturbing clouds and lonely trees among the plains, whose figure is emphasized by an almost unearthly fantastic light. The Barbizon paintings are dominated by gloomy and majestic red - brown tones.Georg Julv USA the main school of Romanticism was the "Hudson River School". With all the shortcomings of the artists of this school, for which they are criticized to this day, it is on the example of the "Hudsonians" that one can consider the features of Romanticism. In their paintings there are high pointed peaks of mountains crowned with snow caps, dramatic sunsets and huge river valleys. This is how the artists of that time understood the beauty of their country. Among this addiction to external not very "tasty" effects, Martin Head stands out in particular. This artist has spent many years traveling, sketching the flora and fauna of the Amazon. In his paintings - the same spirit of romanticism. Foggy forests saturated with vapors, jungles in the mountains, but all this looks more appropriate and executed at the highest level.There are not so many famous representatives of Romanticism in painting in Russia because of the appearance of the ideology of the "Wanderers". One of the few famous Russian romantics was Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky. In his paintings of shipwrecks, both a powerful element and a man's struggle for his life are visible. In England, the genius's rival was Turner, the author of the frightening painting "The Raft of Medusa", also dedicated to the shipwreck. Contemporaries considered Turner an eccentric, but his bold free manner anticipated the development of art for years to come. It was this manner that was ideal for expressing the sea element, transparency and brilliance of the waves.Romanticism had a great influence on the art of Europe, Russia and America. Already in the twentieth century, after the decline of the main wave of Romanticism, in a slightly modified form (the so-called neo-Romanticism), his ideas were used by Gorky, Arthur Conan Doyle, Boussenard and Green. Romanticism forced people to reconsider their views on life, raised questions about the value of youth and nature. Rebellious Romanticism always remained true to itself until the bourgeois revolutions of the middle of the century, at least partially, but embodied the ideals of Napoleon's generation. bodyrub nyc